Posterior view of the bony thorax showing the ribcage, vertebrae and left scapula.

Lateral view of vertebral column curvature in an adult, showing cervical (red), thoracic (brown), and lumbar (yellow) vertebrae, and the sacrum and coccyx (orange).

Anteroposterior radiograph of the atlantoaxial joint, showing the body of the axis (2), the dens (D), and the atlas (A); image is taken through the open mouth.

Typical thoracic vertebra in lateral and superior view.

Anterior view of the muscles of the atlanto-occipital and atlantoaxial joints.

Anterior view of the bony thorax showing the rib cage, sternum, thoracic vertebrae, left scapula and left clavicle.

Lateral view of the articulated cervical vertebrae.

Superior view of the lumbar vertebrae, showing the mamillary, accessory, and transverse processes.

Superior view of structures of the vertebral canal seen through the foramen magnum.

Lateral view of curvature of the fetal vertebral column, showing cervical (red), thoracic (brown), and lumbar (yellow) vertebrae, and the sacrum and coccyx (orange).

Lateral view of the 6th and 7th thoracic vertebrae and 7th rib illustrating the costovertebral articulations.

Lateral view of the vertebral column with hip bone and portion of skull, superimposed onto human profile.

Vertebrae, atlas & axis